网站网站制作网旅游最新资讯 新闻

一、表单

1.基础表单

使用.form-check 可以格式化复选框和单选框按钮，用以改进它们的默认布局和动作呈现，复选框用于在列表中选择一个或多个选项，单选框则用于多许多选项中选择一个。

<div class="row"><div class="col mt-5"><form action="#"><div class="form-group"><!-- 放表单组，放置一组匹配的表单 --><label for="usename">用户名</label><input type="text" id="usename" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入用户名"><small class="form-text text-muted">用户名需要用英文、符号组成</small></div><div class="form-group"><label for="password">密码</label><input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="请输入密码"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="passwordAgain">确认密码</label><input type="password" class="form-control" id="passwordAgain" placeholder="请再次输入密码" disabled></div><div class="form-group"><label for="area">所在地</label><select name="" id="area" class="form-control"><!-- multiple:让下拉框变成多选 --><option value="">北京</option><option value="">上海</option><option value="">广州</option><option value="">深圳</option></select></div><div class="form-group"><label for="file">选择文件</label><input type="file" class="form-control-file" id="file"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="range">滑块</label><input type="range" class="form-control-range" id="range"></div><!-- 复选框、单选框 --><div class="form-group"><label for="">兴趣爱好：</label><div class="form-check form-check-inline"><!-- 选择框要放在这个类里面， .form-check-inline是为了让表单在一行中显示 --><input type="checkbox" id="eat" class="form-check-input"><label for="eat" class="form-check-label">吃饭</label></div><div class="form-check form-check-inline"><input type="checkbox" id="sleep" class="form-check-input"><label for="sleep" class="form-check-label">睡觉</label></div><div class="form-check form-check-inline"><input type="checkbox" id="play" class="form-check-input"><label for="play" class="form-check-label">打豆豆</label></div></div><div class="form-group"><label for="">性别：</label><div class="form-check form-check-inline"><input type="radio" id="male" class="form-check-input" name="sex"><label for="male" class="form-check-label">男</label></div><div class="form-check form-check-inline"><input type="radio" id="female" class="form-check-input" name="sex"><label for="female" class="form-check-label">女</label></div></div><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="exampleCheck1"><label class="form-check-label" for="exampleCheck1">Check me out</label></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button></form></div>
</div>

2.大小规格

使用 .form-control-lg 和 .form-control-sm属性定控件大小高度。

<div class="row mt-5"><div class="col"><div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control form-control-lg" placeholder="大尺寸的表单"></div><div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="正常尺寸的表单"></div><div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control form-control-sm" placeholder="小尺寸的表单"></div><div class="form-group"><select name="" id="" class="form-control col-form-label-lg"><option value="" >大尺寸的下拉框</option></select></div><div class="form-group"><select name="" id="" class="form-control"><option value="">正常尺寸的下拉框</option></select></div><div class="form-group"><select name="" id="" class="form-control col-form-label-sm"><option value="">小尺寸的下拉框</option></select></div></div>
</div>

3.只读属性

在input控件上增加 readonly （布尔值）标签定义，以防止修改input中的值。
引用 .form-control-plaintext class样式，只显示纯文本

<div class="row mt-5"><div class="col"><form action="#"><div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="只读文本" readonly> </div><div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control-plaintext" placeholder="没有边框的只读文本" readonly> </div></form></div>
</div>

4.表单栅格排列

1. 解析

<form action="#">	<!-- form标签一定要放在行与列的外面 --><div class="row"><div class="col"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="栅格排列"></div><div class="col"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="栅格排列"></div></div>
</form>

2. 应用

<form action="#"><div class="form-row mt-5"><div class="col-md-6 form-group"><label for="email1">Email</label><input type="email" class="form-control" id="email1" placeholder="请输入邮箱账号"></div><div class="col-md-6 form-group"><label for="password">Password</label><input type="password2" class="form-control" id="password2" placeholder="请输入密码"></div></div><div class="row"><div class="form-group col"><label for="homeAddres">家庭地址</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="homeAddres" placeholder="请输入家庭地址"></div></div><div class="row"><div class="form-group col"><label for="companyAddres">公司地址</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="companyAddres" placeholder="请输入公司地址"></div></div><div class="form-row"><div class="col-md-6 form-group"><label for="city">城市</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="city" placeholder="请输入您所在的城市"></div><div class="col-md-4 form-group"><label for="marriage">婚姻状况</label><select class="form-control" id="marriage"><option value="">已婚</option><option value="">未婚</option></select></div><div class="col-md-2 form-group"><label for="education">学历</label><select class="form-control" id="education"><option value="">博士</option><option value="">硕士</option><option value="">本科</option><option value="">大专</option><option value="">高中</option></select></div></div><div class="form-group"><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="grid"><label for="grid" class="form-check-lable">同意所读内容</label></div></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
</form>

5.表单表格式的排列

<form action="#"><div class="form-row">	<!-- 这个class与row的唯一区别就是间距变小了 --><div class="col"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="栅格排列"></div><div class="col"><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="栅格排列"></div></div>
</form>

6.水平排列表单

确保添加.col-form-label 到您<label>上，以便他们垂直居中与他们相关的表单控件

<form action="#"><div class="form-group row mt-5"><label for="email2" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label><!-- col-form-lable用来决定下后面的表单进行垂直对齐 --><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="email" class="form-control" id="email2" placeholder="请输入email"></div></div><div class="form-group row"><label for="password3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Password</label>	<!-- col-form-lable用来决定下后面的表单进行垂直对齐 --><div class="col-sm-10"><input type="password" class="form-control" id="password3" placeholder="请输入密码"></div></div><div class="form-group row"><label for="" class="col-sm-2">兴趣爱好：</label><div class="col-sm-10"><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" id="eat" class="form-check-input"><label for="eat" class="form-check-label">吃饭</label></div><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" id="sleep" class="form-check-input"><label for="sleep" class="form-check-label">睡觉</label></div><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" id="play" class="form-check-input"><label for="play" class="form-check-label">打豆豆</label></div></div></div><div class="form-group row"><label for="" class="col-sm-2">性别：</label><div class="col-sm-10"><div class="form-check"><input type="radio" id="male" class="form-check-input" name="sex"><label for="male" class="form-check-label">男</label></div><div class="form-check"><input type="radio" id="female" class="form-check-input" name="sex"><label for="female" class="form-check-label">女</label></div></div></div>
</form>

7.内联表单

.form-inline样式在单个水平行上显示一系列标签，表单控件和按钮。

<div class="row mt-5"><div class="col"><form action="#" class="form-inline"><div class="form-group mr-5"><label for="">用户名：</label><input type="email" class="form-control" value="kaivon@qq.com"></div><div class="form-group mr-5"><label for="">密码：</label><input type="password" class="form-control"></div><div class="form-group mr-5"><input type="checkbox" class="form-control-input"><label for="" class="form-control-label">记住我</label></div><div class="form-group mr-5"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button></div></form></div>
</div>

二、验证

1. 表单验证通过CSS的两个伪类应用::invalid以及:valid。它适用于 <input>、 <select>、 <textarea>元素。

1.验证

<form action="#" class="needs-validation" novalidate>//novalidate阻止h5默认验证<div class="form-row"><div class="col-md-4 form-group"><label for="surname">姓</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="surname" placeholder="请输入姓" value="陈" required><div class="valid-feedback">	<!-- 验证成功对应的class -->验证通过！</div><div class="invalid-feedback">	<!-- 验证失败对应的class -->验证失败！</div></div><div class="col-md-4 form-group"><label for="name">名</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="请输入名" value="学辉" required><div class="valid-feedback">	<!-- 验证成功对应的class -->验证通过！</div></div><div class="col-md-4 form-group"><label for="usename">用户名</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="usename" placeholder="请输入用户名" required><div class="invalid-feedback">请输入正确的用户名！</div></div></div><div class="form-row"><div class="col-md-6 form-group"><label for="homeAddress">家庭地址</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="homeAddress" placeholder="请输入家庭地址" required><div class="invalid-feedback">请输入正确的家庭地址！</div></div><div class="col-md-6 form-group"><label for="companyAddress">公司地址</label><input type="text" class="form-control" id="companyAddress" placeholder="请输入公司地址" required><div class="invalid-feedback">请输入正确的公司地址！</div></div></div><div class="form-group"><div class="form-check"><input type="checkbox" class="form-check-input" id="grid" required><label for="grid" class="form-check-label">同意所读内容</label><div class="invalid-feedback">你必需同意此内容后才能继续操作！</div></div></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
</form>
<script>(function(){var forms=document.querySelectorAll('.needs-validation');forms.forEach(function(form,index){form.addEventListener('submit',function(ev){//监听提交if(form.checkValidity()===false){	//如果表单验证成功，那这个方法会返回trueev.preventDefault();//阻止form默认刷新ev.stopPropagation();//阻止冒泡}form.classList.add('was-validated');//提交事件发生后，不管验证是否成功，都需要给form身上添加这个class，才能选择							到伪元素显示验证提示});});})();
</script>

2.自定义表单样式

原生的单选、多选等按钮，样式过于朴素，可以在这里重置。

<div class="row mt-5"><div class="col"><div class="form-group custom-control custom-checkbox"><input type="checkbox" id="eat" class="custom-control-input"><label for="eat" class="custom-control-label">吃饭</label></div><div class="form-group custom-control custom-radio"><input type="radio" id="male" class="custom-control-input" name="sex"><label for="male" class="custom-control-label">男</label></div><div class="form-group custom-control custom-radio"><input type="radio" id="female" class="custom-control-input" name="sex"><label for="female" class="custom-control-label">女</label></div><!-- 在一行中排列，.custom-control-inline --><div class="form-group custom-control custom-radio custom-control-inline"><input type="radio" id="male1" class="custom-control-input" name="sex1"><label for="male1" class="custom-control-label">男</label></div><div class="form-group custom-control custom-radio custom-control-inline"><input type="radio" id="female1" class="custom-control-input" name="sex1" disabled>	<!-- 禁用表单 --><label for="female1" class="custom-control-label">女</label></div><!-- 下拉菜单 --><select name="" id="" class="form-group custom-select"><option value="">城市</option><option value="">北京</option><option value="">上海</option><option value="">广州</option></select><!-- 滑块 --><div class="form-group"><label for="range1">滑块</label><input type="range" class="custom-range" id="range1"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="range2">有范围的滑块</label><input type="range" class="custom-range" min="0" max="5" id="range2"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="range3">规定步长的滑块</label><input type="range" class="custom-range" min="0" max="5" step="0.5" id="range3"></div><!-- 文件选择custom-file-input --><div class="form-group custom-file"><input type="file" class="custom-file-input" id="file"><label for="file" class="custom-file-label">Choose fild</label></div></div>
</div>
</div>